Sweet, Sour, Salty and...Fat? Scientists Add a New Basic Taste

Sweet, Sour, Salty and...Fat? Scientists Add a New Basic Taste

4) The Habit Burger Grill
Flickr/Sean Carter
By Millie Dent

The thousands of taste buds on a human tongue each contain as many as 100 taste receptors. The interaction between those receptors and the chemicals in our food determine the taste of that hamburger or salad you’re having for lunch.

Our sense of taste has long been broken into four basic categories — sour, sweet, salty and bitter. A fifth basic taste was added more recently: umami, which means “delicious” in Japanese but refers to a meaty or savory flavor sensation. Now researchers claim there’s a sixth basic taste.

Scientists at Purdue University have published a new study in the journal Chemical Sense that they say provides evidence that chemicals called nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) — in other words, fat — causes a taste sensation that is different from the other five tastes. The researchers have proposed that the new taste be referred to as “oleogustus.” “Oleo” is the root word for oily or fatty in Latin and “gustus” means taste.

Related: The 11 Worst Fast Food Restaurants in America

The researchers emphasize that they are talking about a taste, not just the creamy mouth feel you get from eating a rich piece of meat or a dish loaded in butter.

The fat that delivers that creamy, smooth feeling is a triglyceride, made up of three different fatty acids, they explain. Oleogustus — a gag-inducing taste on its own, but much more appetizing in combination with other flavors — comes from only one of those fatty acids that breaks off from the larger molecule in the food or as you’re chewing.

This finding has the potential to generate big changes in the food industry. Understanding the taste component of fat can do more than add to our knowledge of how our brain and digestive system interact. It may also help the food industry create more appealing, and potentially healthier, products.

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Craigslist Car Scams Are on the Rise, Especially in Midwest

REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni
By Beth Braverman

An insurance group is warning consumers of a widespread scam in which fraudsters are buying cars on Craigslist with bogus checks. 

The National Insurance Crime Bureau has identified nearly 100 instances throughout the Midwest of Craigslist car sales in which the buyers used fake bank checks. 

“These scams are well organized and have all the appearances of being legitimate,” NCIB President and CEO Joe Wehrle said in a statement. “But in the end, the criminal gets the car and the sellers or their financial institutions are left on the hook for thousands of dollars still owed on the car.” 

Related: A New Vicious Scam Targets Desperate Homeowners 

The scam appears to be especially prevalent in states where vehicle owners retain the title despite an outstanding lien. NCIB, a nonprofit supported by the insurance industry, advises car sellers never to sign over the title until they have the money for the sale in hand, even if that means waiting a week or more for a check to clear. 

Craigslist offers its own list of tips to avoid scams. Remember, the online marketplace offers no guarantees regarding items bought or sold via its site and little recourse if you are the victim of a scam. 

The site’s No. 1 tip is to do all transactions in person. A growing number of police stations now offer dedicated space for people meeting in person for transactions they’ve agreed to online. 

Those with information about insurance fraud or vehicle theft can anonymously report it by calling 800-835-6422 or texting keyword “fraud” to TIP411.

15 Restaurants Offering Free Food for Moms on Mother’s Day

How much more Americans spend on Valentine’s Day compared to <a href="http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Articles/2010/05/07/The-Value-of-Celebrating-Mom.aspx#page1" target="_blank">Mother’s Day</a>.
iStockphoto
By Rebecca Lehmann, Brad's Deals

Your Mom was the one who taught you to head straight for the clearance racks. Show her how much you've learned by taking her out for some deliciously cheap eats before taking a free garden tour.

Related: 10 Worst States for Working Mothers

Mother's Day Freebies 2015

As always, local participation may vary, so call ahead to check - and then make reservations if you can.

This article originally appeared in The Brad's Deals Blog.
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This Disease Hikes Health Care Costs By More than $10,000 a Year

Client Sanon has her finger pricked for a blood sugar test in the Family Van in Boston
REUTERS/Brian Snyder
By Beth Braverman

Medical professionals and economists have been worried about the growing prevalence of diabetes for years. A new report shows their concerns are well placed. In 2013, the per capita health care bills of consumers with diabetes was $15,000, nearly 71 percent ($10,700) higher than those without the disease, according to the Healthcare Cost Institute

The brunt of those bills are borne by health care providers, but consumers with diabetes have per capita out-of-pocket costs of $1,922, compared to just $738 for those who do not have diabetes. 

For those under the age of 65, health care expenses grew an average 4.1 percent from 2012 to 2013, but the increase was even higher among children, who saw expenses rise 7 percent from 2011 to 2012 and then another 9.6 percent from 2012 to 2013.

Related: Diabetes Detection Up in Pro-Obamacare States

“There has been extraordinary growth in health spending for children with diabetes,” HCCI senior research Amanda Frost said in a statement, citing branded insulin as one factor in the increase. 

For children, the costs go beyond medication. A 2012 study in Health Affairs found that people who develop diabetes before age 30 make less money than their peers, are more likely to drop out of high school and less likely to attend college. 

One of the most widespread chronic diseases in the United States, diabetes care consumes about 10 percent of U.S. health care spending, according to a study by the University of Michigan.

This College Choice Could Make You $3Million Richer

iStockPhoto/The Fiscal Times
By Beth Braverman

The differences in starting salaries for STEM majors versus those who study the humanities have been widely publicized. Now, a new study looks at how those differences add up over a lifetime of earnings – and the results are staggering. 

The lowest paid graduates, early childhood education majors, earn just $39,000 annually mid-career, while the highest paid petroleum engineering majors, make an average of $136,000 per year. Over a career, that difference amounts to more than $3 million, according to the report The Economic Value of College Majors by economists at Georgetown University. 

Among the major fields of study, architecture and engineering students earn highest average salary--$83,000 per year, and education majors earn the lowest--$45,000 per year. 

Related: 10 Public Universities with the Worst Graduation Rates 

The study finds that generally it’s still worth it to go to college. The average bachelor’s degree holder makes $1 million more over a lifetime than a person with just a high school diploma. 

A separate report released last fall by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York found that the value of a bachelor’s degree has reached an all-time high of around $300,000. Researchers found that it takes about 10 years to recoup the cost of a degree, a historically low level, down from close to 25 years in the late 1970s and 1980s. 

So those education majors should still go to college, but they might be smart to look for more moderately priced options and to be more wary about taking on debt than their engineering peers.

Putin’s Shiny New Tank Breaks Down

Russian Armata tank
Sputnik
By Rob Garver

According to news reports, including the Associated Press, the pride of the Russian military – Vladimir Putin’s T-14 Armata tank – broke down in the middle of Red Square on Thursday during a practice run of the Victory Day parade scheduled for Saturday. The state-of-the-art tank was one of eight rolling through Moscow Thursday morning when it unexpectedly came to a halt while the others rolled on.

According to the AP, the soldiers on hand first tried to tow the tank away, but were unsuccessful. After about 15 minutes, the problem was apparently solved, and the tank rolled off under its own power.

Related: 7 New Weapons in Vladimir Putin's Arsenal​

An executive of the company that produced the tank told the AP that, despite the apparent attempts to tow it away, the tank had not broken down and was functioning properly.

The T-14 is meant to be the main battle tank that will carry the Russian Army into the rest of the 21st century. Its unmanned turret is controlled remotely by crew members safely inside an armored compartment in the body of the tank. It has advanced weapons system and armor, and is believed to be a match for any tank currently in service with North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces.

The T-14 has been written about extensively in the government-controlled Russian press, and its public unveiling is being treated as a major event. In addition, the parade Saturday will be watched not only by millions of Russians, but also by dozens of foreign dignitaries on hand to hel celebrate the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. That means any malfunction of the tank during the actual parade on Saturday would be terribly embarrassing to the Kremlin.